Valve mechanism for pumps, engines, &amp;c.



W. A. WARMAN. VALVE MECHANISM FOR PUMPS, ENGINES, 6w.

APPLIGATION FILED AUG. 9, 1912.

7 1,109,271. Patented Sept. 1, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

THE NORRIS PETERS C0-, PHOTU-L'THQ. WASHINGTON, D. C

i% l ni egfor: i' i z z may W. A. WARMAN.

VALVE MECHANISM FOR PUMPS, ENGINES, 6w.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 9, 1912.

Patented Sept. 1,1914.

2 SHBETS-SHEET 2.

lbfiozmm THE NORRIS PETERS 00., PHOTO-LITHQ. WASHINUTD". D. C.

UNITED sTA Es PA ENT oFFIoE. Y

WILLIAM'A. WARMAN, on NEW YORK, 1v. Y.-

VALVE MECHANISM FOR PUM PS, ENGINES, 8w.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, VILLIAM A. asman, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New York, borough or Manhattan, in the.

county of New York and State of NewYork,

have made and invented certain new and use ful Improvements in Valve Mechanism for Pumps, Engines, &c., of which the following 18 a specification.

My inventlon relates to positively operated valve mechanism for air or gas compressors, pumps,eng1nes, and simllar de-.

vices, and the object, thereof is to provide valve mechanism 1n wh1ch the opening and closing movements of the valve members occur more rapidly than is usually the case in valve mechanism of the type in question to provide an improved arrangement of slip v ply and discharge valves for devices of the,

class to which my inventionv is applicable; and to provide positively operated valve mechanism which will be simple in con-. struction, and effective for the which it is designed.

With the above'and other objects of invention in view my invention consists inthe valve mechanism illustrated 1n the ac com-- panying drawing, described in the following specification, and; particularly claimed in clauses of the concluding claim, and insuch variations and modifications thereof as will be obvious to those skilled .in the art to which my invention relates.

In the drawings accompanying and formthrough the valvemembers; Fig. 4 is a view partly in side elevation and partly in section illustrating one of the. valves of my valve mechanism as seen from a position to the left of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a view showing a I section upon a vertical longltudmal plane indicated by the line'5 5, Fig. 3 and Figs. 6 and 7 are views similarto Fig. txbut illus trating the mechanism shown insaid figure in two other positions.

In the drawings, the reference character 10 designates cylinders arranged upon opposite sides of a valve chamber 11, and 12 designates pistons moving one in each of said cylinders. Eachplston 1s operat vely conpurpose :for i nectedwith a crank shaft 13 through pitman I 14, levers "l5 and connecting rods 16, the:

whole forming a compressor or pump in which the. pistons move simultaneously toward and from one another.

While I have disclosed my improved valve mechanism in connection with-an air compressor of the type. abovedescribed, the

My improved valve mechanism includes two oscillating valve members17,18 located I withinyagvalve chamber such as the valve chamberll above referredto, one of which Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept, 1" 1914 Applic ation filed August 9,1912. Serial No. 714,159. i i

members restsupon a seat provided for it I in said chamber and the other of which rests upon the first-mentioned member, the

two members having each one or more'ports, t.

the ports of the two'members being adapted to register with one another and with a cor respond ng number of ports n the valve;

seat, to thereby control the flow of fluid operated upon by the pump,'as will be understoodfrom Figs. 4, 6 and 7 of the drawings.

The ports in thevalve. chamber are designatedas 19, 20 designates the ports, in the valve. member 17 and .21 the] ports in the valve member 18. l

The embodimjent of my invention ,illustrated. is provided with four ports in the valve chamber, twoleading to eachof the cylinders 10, and each valve member is like wise provided with four ports, this being for thepurpose of providing .as large passages I I as possible for the 'fluidvto'flow through; al-

though it will be understood that the valve members do not necessarily have more than one port in each, in whichjcase these two ports when. in registry' with, one another register. with a single port in the valve chamber."

The oscillating valve members 17, 18 above a referred to are preferably cylindrical or conical inform, and are inclo'sediat one end as at 22, and arearranged concentrically to cooperate with a valve seat of like form. The outer valve member 17. which moves in contact with the valve seat is provided with a central operating rod 23 operatively connected with its closed end 22, and the inner valve member 18 is provided. with a sleeve, 24 through which itis operated and which,

sleeve surrounds the rod 23. Both therod and sleeve extend through a cover 25f'to the exterior of the valve chamber, thesleeve being there provided withan arm 26 and the rod with a similar arm 27. The arms 26, 27 extend in opposite directionsfrom one another, as shown in Fig. 4, from which it willbe obvious that when the free ends of said arms are moved simultaneously. downward or upward the valve'members will be moved H simultaneously in opposite directions and the ports in the two valves moved into reg istry with one another and with the port in the valve seat, as shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings, the port in the valve seat being thus opened or closed in one-half the time required in cases where a single valve mem- I the embodiment ofv my" invention illustrated they are. shown as controlling an exhaust or discharge port; furthermore, While I have shown my invention as used 1n connect on with a pump or compressor, the same may; obviously be used with an engine, as above pointed out. p

The preferred mechanism for moving the free ends of thearms26, 27 simultaneously upward'and downward comprises two links 28, 29, the lowerends of which are pivotally connected one with each of said arms, and

, nected with a gear 31 by means of a connecting rod 32.

the upper ends of both of which are pivotally connected-to a reciprocating cross-head 30; which cross-head 1s operat vely con- The gear 31 is operated from the crank shaft 13 at .onefhalf the angular velocity of the said shaft as by means of-a gear 33 upon said shaft, the diameter of which is one-half the diameter of the gear 31.

I From this it follows that, starting with the posit1on otthe valve members shown 1n Fig. 4c, rotary movement of the gear 31 in the direction indicated'by the,

arrows in Fig. 4 will move the valve mem- "bers into the position shown in Fig. 6, duringwhich movement the ports. 20, 21 have been moved out of registry with one another and with the ports 19, thereby interrupting the-flow throughsaid several ports. Subsequently,-and asthe gear continues to rotate, the valve memberswill be again moved into positionsto openthe ports 19, and will finally be -moved into a secondposition in which all the ports 19 are closed, as shown in-Fig. 7. Each upward and downward movement ofthe connecting rod 32,j however, occurs during two strokes. of the. pistons 12 (that is, during an outward and an inward stroke thereof); from which it fol lows that it the valve members are adjusted,

as shownin the drawings,,to open the ports 19 during the inward strokes ofthe pistons,

the valve members will be moved to again open said portsupon the next inward stroke of the pistons, but, in moving to open said ports the second time, each valve will be moving in a direction the reverse of that in which it first moved in opening said port;

This will ,be understood from Figs. 6 and 7 in which the arrows adjacent the valve mem- ,bers show the directions in which the said members were moving just before coming into the dead center position or position of rest in which they are shown. From this it Tfollowsthat opposite edges of the ports in :the valve members cooperate alternately to cut as the fiow through the ports 19. For example, as the valve members 17, 18 move from the position shown in Fig. 6 into the position shown in Fig. 7, the ports 19 are first opened and subsequently closed as the edges 34, 35 of the ports 20, 21 pass one Eanother; while as the valve members move jfrom the position shown in Fig. 7 to that lshown in Fig. 6- theports 19 are first opened iand subsequently closed as the edges 36, 37 :of the ports 20, 21 pass one another; thus distributing the wear due to flow through ;the ports equally, upon both the sides or edges of the ports.

a The valve mechanismthus far described is shown as employed as the discharge valve ofxan air compressor, the inlet or supply valve 38 ofwhich is shown as also cylindriical in form and located-within the chamber 11 with its axis coinciding with the axis of the valve members 17, 18, above described. Thefvalve 38 is provided with two ports 39 adapted "to register with ports 10 in the valve chamber, and openings 41 are provided through which air may flow into said valve and to the'cylinder 10. The valve 38 is shown as operated by means of an eccentric 42 upon the shaft 13 through a lever 43 fulcrumed at 44, the eccentric being conv nected with aid lever at l5 and the free end of said lever being pivotally connected with a link 46 the lower end of which is pivotally connectedwith an arm 47 operatively connected with said valve. From this it will be seen that the supply valve is operated in unison with the, main shaft 13 ofthe compressor to admitair to the cylinders at each I outward stroke of the pistons. It will be understood, however, that a supply valve having two concentric valve members as hereinbefore described, may be employed if desired.

Having thus described and explained m inventionyl claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1 1. In valve mechanism, a valve chamber having a' valve seat and a port in said seat;

twofoscillating] valve members in contact" w th one another and one of wh ch moves I in contact with said-seat said valve membershaving each a port, which ports are adapted to register with one another and i with the port in said seat; and means'for moving said valve members simultaneously in opposite direction, the arrangement of the parts beingsuch that the ports of said'valve members register with one another and with the port in said valve seat when said members are in their middle positions.

2. In valve mechanism, a valve chamber having a cylindrical valve seat and" a'port in said seat; two concentric oscillating cylindrical valve members in contact with one another and one of which moves in contact with said seat, said valve members having each a port, which ports are adapted to register with one another and with the port in said seat; and means for movingsaid valve members simultaneously in opposite directions to move the ports of said valve members past one another and past the port in said valve seat, and simultaneously m, 013-.

positefdirections but reversed with reference to said first mentioned movements to again move theports of said, valve members past one another and past the port in said valve seat.

3. In valve mechanism, a valve chamber having a cylindrical valve seat and a port in said seat; two concentric oscillating cylindrical valve members in contact with one another and one of which moves in contact with said seat, said valve members having each a port, which ports are adapted to register with one another and with the port in said seat; means for moving said valve members simultaneously in opposite directions; a second port in said valve seat; a second oscillating cylindrical valve member having a port adapted to register with the second port in said valve seat; and means for moving said second-mentioned valve member. 7

4. In a device of the class described, a cylinder; a reciprocating piston therein; and valve mechanism for controlling the flow of fluid operated upon by said piston, said valve mechanism including a valve seat having a port; two oscillating valve members in contact with one another, and one of which is in contact with said seat, said valve members having each a port, which ports are adapted to register with one another and with the port in said valve seat; and means for moving said valve members simultaneously in opposite directions relative to one another upon one stroke of said piston, and simultaneously in opposite directions relative to one another, but which directions are reversed as to each valve member, upon the next succeeding stroke of said piston in the same direction.

5. In a device of the class described, a cylinder; a reciprocating piston therein; and valve mechanism for controlling the flow of fluid operated upon by said piston,

said valve mechanism:including a cylindri-- cal valve seat having a port; two concentric oscillating cylindrical valve membersin contact with one another, and theouter of which is in contact with said seat, said valve members having each a port, which ports are adapted to register with one another and I with the port in said valve seat; and means for moving said valve members simul taneously in opposite directions relative to one another upon one strokeof said piston, and simultaneously in opposite directions relative to one another, but'whichdirections arereversed asto each valve member, upon the next succeeding stroke of said pistonin the same direction. x I a 6. In a device of the class described, a

cylinder; a reciprocating piston, therein; a rotary shaft operatively connected with said piston a gear carried by said shaft; a second gear operated from said first-mentioned gear 1 at one-half the speed of rotation of said shaft; a port opening into said cylinder and through which fluid may flow; valve mechanism including two oscillating valve members for opening said port upon each successive movement of said piston in one direction; and means intermediate said valve mechanism and said second-mentioned gear through which said valve mechanism is operated. a a 7 7. In a device of the class described, a cylinder; a reciprocating piston therein; a rotary shaft operatively connected with said piston; a gear carried by said shaft; a second gear in engagement with said first-mentioned gear and the diameter of which is twice that of said first-mentioned gear; a port opening into saidcylinder and through which fluid may flow; valve mechanism including two oscillating valve members in contact with one another and movablesimultaneously in opposite directions, and adapted to open said port upon each successive movement of said piston in one direction; and means intermediate said second-mentioned gear and said valve mechanism through which said valve members are operated. I

8. In a device of the class described, a cylinder; a reciprocating piston therein; a rotary shaft operatively connected with said piston; a gear carried by said shaft; a second gear in engagement with said first-mentioned gear and the diameter of which is twice that of said first-mentioned gear; a port opening into said cylinder and through whichfluid may flow; a reciprocating crosshead operated by said second-mentioned gear; two concentric oscillating valve members in contact with one anotherand adapted to move simultaneously in opposite directions and to open said port upon each successive movement of said piston in one direction; avalve chamber in which said valve members are located; two arms, one of which is operatively connected with each of said valve members; and a link intermediate each of said arms and said cross-headand through which said valve members are 0perated.

9. In valve mechanism, a valve chamber having a valve seat and a port in said seat; two valve members in contact with one another and one of which is in contact with said seat; said valve members being movable relatively to one another and having each a port, which ports are adapted to register with one another and with the port in said seat when said valve members are in their middle positions; and means for moving said valve members.

10. In valve mechanism, a valve chamber having a valve seat and a port in said seat;

two valve members in contact with one another and one of which is in contact with means for moving said valve members simultaneously in opposite directions.

Signed at New York, borough of Manhattan, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 7th day of August, A. D.

WILLIAM A. WVARMAN. Witnesses:

A. V. WALSH, R. N. FLINT.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C. 

